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CEFR A1 · grammar

Grammar

A reference, not a course. Each point explains why Spanish works the way it does, shows four examples with audio, and names the mistake it causes most often.

8 points in 4 categories
Verbs2Nouns2Register1Sentences3
Verbs
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ser and estar

Two verbs for the English to be, and the rule that actually works.

4 examples →
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Regular present tense endings

Three sets of endings cover most verbs in the language.

4 examples →
Nouns
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Noun gender, and why it decides the words around it

Every noun is masculine or feminine, and the words next to it have to agree.

4 examples →
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Adjective position

Most adjectives follow the noun, and moving one changes the meaning.

4 examples →
Register
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tú and usted

Spanish makes you choose how close you are before you finish the first sentence.

4 examples →
Sentences
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Questions and negatives without do

Spanish builds both with no extra machinery.

4 examples →
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The personal a

A word that appears in front of people and does not translate.

4 examples →
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hay

One word for there is and there are.

4 examples →